Ayurvedic Herbs and Minerals A-E

It is prepared by treating biotite (mica) with the juices of a number of reconstituent plants that make it a powerful cellular regenerator. It is a nervine tonic and is also widely used in respiratory tract infections, and anemia. It contains iron, magnesium, potassium, calcium and aluminum in traces.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Diabecon (GlucoCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Himmune.

It is an erect, annual or biennial, hirsute herb. The fatty oil of the seeds contain phospholipids-a-cephalin, and phosphatidylserine. The seeds are antiseptic, stomachic, tonic, carminative, antihyteric and aphrodisiac.

It is used in the treatment of male sexual disorders and venereal diseases.

Used in Himcolin, Rumalaya (JointCare), Tentex forte (VigorCare for Men), Rumalaya Vet, Tentex forte Vet.

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A softly tomentose herb or shrub, with yellow or orange-yellow flowers.

The plant is reported to contain fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and galacturonic acid. The drug is used as a febrifuge, has anthelmintic, and anti-inflammatory properties, and is useful in urinary and uterine discharges, piles and lumbago.

Used in Diabecon (GlucoCare).

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A moderate sized tree with feathery crown, pinnate leaves and a pair of recurved prickles at the base of the rachis. Catechin and catechutannic acid are the major active constituents in the wood extract. Taxifolin, another constituent has antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Traditionally, it is used for the treatment of cough and sore throat.

Used in Koflet lozenge (CoughCare lozenge).

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A moderate-sized, almost evergreen tree with a short trunk, a spreading crown and feathery foliage.

The bark from the branches yield 7-12 per cent tannin and is used for asthma, bronchitis, diabetes, dysentery, diarrhea and skin diseases. The stem is used as a toothbrush and the gum for burns. The leaves are useful for eye complaints, headache, throat infection, urinary problems and gonorrhea.

Used in Evecare (MenstriCare), Dental Cream, Diarex Vet.

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A common, prickly, scandent shrub. The pods yield saponins (20.8%) which have been reported to contain acacinin-C, -D and -E and a homologous series of oligosaccharides. An ointment prepared from the ground pods is good for skin diseases. A decoction of the pods relieves biliousness and acts as a purgative. It is used to remove dandruff and has a detangling effect on the hair, which helps in increasing the hair volume.

The pods, known as Shikai or Shikakai, are extensively used as a detergent, and the dry ones are powdered and perfumed, and sold in the market as soapnut powder.

Used in Protein Shampoo for normal hair.

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Achillea millefolium is a perennial herb that contains the alkaloid achilline, and also yields an essential oil, Espirt d' Iva. The herb possesses diaphoretic, vulnerary, styphic, astringent, emmenogogue, stimulant, tonic and anti-hemorrhoidal properties.

It is useful in influenza and heavy chest colds and also as a blood-purifier. It has carminative, digestive, astringent and anti-spasmodic properties. It is used in the treatment of flatulence, colic and heartburn. A decoction of the herb is said to give significant relief in chronic colic. It is also used in various hepatic disorders.

Used in Bonnisan, Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Liv.52 (LiverCare), Liv.52 drops, Digyton, Liv.52 Vet (Companion), Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Liv.52 Vet (Commercial).

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An erect or procumbent, annual or perennial herb, often with a woody base.

The whole plant contains the alkaloids achyranthine and betaine. The plant is much valued in indigenous medicine. It is reported to be pungent, astringent, pectoral and diuretic. It is used as an emmenagogue, and in piles and skin eruptions.

Used in Cystone (UriCare), Nefrotec.

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A biennial herb, with a tuberous and paired root.

The roots contain five diterpene alkaloids, viz. palmatisine, vakognavine, vakatisine, vakatisinine and vakati. The root is intensely bitter and is used in combination with long pepper for pain in bowels, diarrhea, and vomiting.

Used in Gasex (GastriCare).

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Acorus calamus is a semi-aquatic herb with creeping rhizomes.

The dried rhizomes constitute the drug Calamus of commerce. The rhizomes, roots and leaves yield a light brownish yellow volatile oil called calamus oil. The important constituents of Indian calamus oil are asarone and its b-isomer.

The rhizomes are considered to possess sedative and analgesic properties. They are used for the treatment of epilepsy, chronic diarrhea and dysentery, bronchial catarrh, fever, glandular and abdominal tumors, kidney and liver complaints, rheumatism and eczema.

It has been used in indigenous systems of medicine (eg.ayurveda) to improve memory retention and recall. A combination of B. monnieri and A. calamus significantly increases memory and controls hyperactivity in children.

Used in Abana, Mentat (MindCare), Mentat syrup, Muscle & Joint Rub, Pain Massage Oil, Anxocare, Canisep, Erina-EP, Himpyrin, Himpyrin Vet, Scavon Vet.

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Adhatoda zeylanica is an evergreen, gregarious, stiff perennial shrub.

Its principal constituents are the several alkaloids which are present in the drug and its chief principal is a quinazoline alkaloid, vasicine. The leaves are rich in Vitamin C and carotene and yield an essential oil. The shrub is the source of the drug, vasaka, well known in indigenous systems of medicine for its beneficial effects, particularly in bronchitis. The leaves, flowers, fruits and roots are extensively used for treating cold, cough, whooping-cough, chronic bronchitis and asthma. It acts as a sedative-expectorant, antispasmodic and anthelmintic. The leaf-juice is stated to cure diarrhea, dysentery and glandular tumor, and, is given as an emmenagogue. The powder is reported to be used as a poultice on rheumatic joints, as a counter-irritant on inflammatory swellings, on fresh wounds, urticaria and in neuralgia.

It has strong coagulant action which is very useful to minimize blood loss and also possesses uterine stimulant activity and acts as uterotonic. It also useful for the control of postpartum hemorrhage.

Used in Diakof (CoughCare Sfree), Evecare (MenstriCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Koflet (CoughCare), Lukol, Styplon, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, HimROP Vet, Styplon Vet, Vasaka, Chyavanaprasha.

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Aegle marmelos is a moderate-sized, slender, aromatic tree, with straight, sharp spines in the branches.

It is a fruit used in diarrhea, dysentery and cholera due to its digestive and carminative properties. Both ripe and unripe fruit are regarded as an astringent. It helps in the healing of ulcerated intestinal surfaces. It possesses antiviral, anthelmintic, and anti-inflammatory properties and has appreciable activity against Vibrio cholera and Salmonella.

Used in Diarex (DiarCare), Lukol, Revitalizing Hair Oil, Diarex PFS, Diarex Vet, Bael, Chyavanaprasha.

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A cardiac tonic – it allays palpitation of the heart.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Diabecon (GlucoCare), Himplasia.

The volatile oil contains allicin (diallyl thiosulphinate), an active odorous principle in Garlic.

The extracts of Allium sativum bulb and compound preparation possess pharmacodynamic properties. The extract of garlic was found to have a significant protective action against a fat induced increase in serum cholesterol and plasma fibrinogen and in fibrinolytic activity.

Used in Appetonic forte Vet, Appetonic Vet, Lasuna.

Aloe barbadensis is a coarse-looking perennial plant with a short stem, erect, with crowded leaves that has spiny teeth on the margins.

It contains enzymes, polysaccharides and nutrients which exhibit antibacterial and antifungal action. It also has a natural sunscreen effect that moisturizes the skin. Its principal constituents are the leaves that contain barbaloin, chrysophanol glycoside and the aglycone, aloe-emodin. The leaf juice forms the main source of the drug. Aloes have long been in use for a host of diseases, particularly those connected with the digestive system; they have also been used for wounds, burns, dermatitis, cutaneous leishmaniasis and other skin troubles. It is used in eye troubles, spleen and liver ailments.

Kumari is also known to relieve dysmenorrhoea in young women by expelling uterine debris.

Used in Clarina, Diabecon (GlucoCare), Evecare (MenstriCare), Acne-n-Pimple Cream, Antiseptic Cream, Anti-Wrinkle Cream, Diaper Rash Cream, Face Moisturizing Lotion, Fairness Cream, Gentle Face Wash Cream, Intensive Face Moisturizing Lotion, Nourishing Skin Cream, Protective Sunscreen Lotion.

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Alpinia galanga has anti-inflammatory properties and is useful in rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis.

It contains enzymes, polysaccharides and nutrients, which exhibit antibacterial effect and acts against streptococci, staphylococci and coliform bacteria.

Used in Rumalaya forte, Protective Sunscreen Lotion.

It is an annual or perennial prostrate herb, found throughout hotter parts of India. It is rich in b-Carotene. It shows antibacterial and anti-fungal activities.

Used in Clarina.

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A tall, perennial herb, with leafy stems.

The seeds contain the glycosides, petunidin 3,5-diglucoside and leucocyanidin-3-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside, and a new aurone glycoside, subulin. The seeds on steam distillation yield a dark brown, mobile essential oil (2.5%) having the characteristic odor of cineol.

Medicinally, the seeds are credited with stimulant, stomachic, alexipharmic and astringent properties, and are prescribed for the treatment of indigestion, vomiting, biliousness, abdominal pains and rectal diseases. The oil from the seeds is aromatic, stimulant, anti-inflammatory and it is highly active against growth of keratinophilic fungi.

Used in Anti-Wrinkle Cream.

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A perennial, procumbent herb, the roots of which are used in medicine.

They contain anacyclin, pellitorine, enetriyne alcohol, hydrocarolin, inulin, traces of volatile oil and (+)-sesamin. The roots possess stimulant and rubifacient properties.

Used in Tentex forte (VigorCare for Men), Muscle & Joint Rub, Speman forte Vet, Tentex forte Vet.

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It is an erect herb with quadrangular (young) stem, opposite, decussate leaves and white flowers in axillary or terminal panicles or racemes. Andrographolide is one of the active constituents isolated from the plant. It is a bitter tonic and febrifuge. A decoction of the plant is a blood-purifier. It is used as a cure for torpid liver, and jaundice. It also has hepatoprotective activity.

Used in Purim (HemoCare), Blood Purifier Capsules & Syrup.

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An annual, glabrous, aromatic herb.

The dried ripe fruits yield, on distillation, an essential oil. The major constituent of the oil is carvone. It also contains apiol and dill apioll. They are used in medicine mainly as an aromatic carminative, antipyretic and anthelmintic. The oil from the seeds is a well-known remedy for flatulence in children and enters into the preparation of gripe water. The seeds are used as stomachic and the aqueous extract of the seeds showed abortifacient activity in rats.

Used in Bonnisan, Digyton, Erina, Erina Plus.

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It is an annual or biennial herb, native of Europe, now naturalized in northern parts of India and largely cultivated in Punjab.

It has antispasmodic, digestive and carminative properties. It is useful in indigestion, abdominal discomfort, colic and hepatobiliary disorders.

Used in Himcospaz (SpasmoCare).

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A tree with annulate stem surmounted by a crown of pinnate leaves.

Arecanut contains several alkaloids belonging to the pyridine group. The most important of them physiologically is arecoline The polyphenols of ripe arecanut contain predominantly polymerized leucocyanidins besides as well as small amounts of (+)-cetechin, leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin. The polyphenolic substances of arecanuts, generally termed tannins, are responsible for the physiological action. The non-alkaloid fractions of arecanuts are reported to possess anti-microbial properties. The powdered nuts are prescribed in diarrhea and urinary disorders.

In Sri Lanka, the unripe nuts are credited with laxative properties, but they are said to affect the eyesight. Arecanuts are considered useful as an external application on ulcers, and in skin disorders. They are anthelmintic, and are used in Veterinary medicine as a vermifuge. A paste of the dry arecanut powder is used as a dentifrice. The dried nuts are said to sweeten the breath, strengthen the gums, and produce a stimulant and exhilarant effect on the system. Arecanut chewed is reportedly a good source of fluoride.

Used in Himplasia, Lukol.

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A woody climber with a stout stem and rose purple flowers.

The root is bitter, aphrodisiac, diuretic, and is used in gonorrhea, rheumatism and diseases of the nervous system. It is also used as a tonic. The plant is used along with other ingredients to cure sexual disorders in males.

Used in Confido (Speman forte), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Speman (ProstaCare), Tentex forte (VigorCare for Men), Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Speman forte Vet, Speman Vet, Tentex forte Vet, Himmune.

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Nala, is a tall perennial grass that can grow upto 20 feet high. The root is diaphoretic, diuretic, and galactagogue.

Used in Galactin Vet.

A sub-erect, prickly shrub with white tuberous roots.

The roots are prescribed for diarrhea and dysentery. The saponin mixture from the dried roots yield glycosides, O-[ß-D-2-tetracosylxylophyranosyl]-stigmasterol, and 3-ß-O-[ß-D-Glycopyranosyl (12)-a-L-arabinopyranosyl] stigmasterol.

Used in Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Himmune.

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A much-branched, spinous under-shrub, with tuberous, short rootstock bearing numerous fusiform, succulent, tuberous roots. The plant contains triterpene saponins - Shatavarin I - IV, which are phytoestrogen compounds.

The plant is used as a demulcent, diuretic, aphrodisiac, and galactagogue. The root extracts exhibit antiallergic activity. Along with the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre, they are given to diabetic patients.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Diabecon (GlucoCare), Evecare (MenstriCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Himplasia, Lukol, Menosan, Renalka, Galactin Vet, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Immunol, Nefrotec Vet, Shatavari, Himmune.

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Azadirachta indica is a large, evergreen tree. Its principal constituents are nimbin, nimbinin and nimbidin. All parts of the plant yield b-sitosterol.

Neem extracts possess anti-diabetic, antibacterial and anti-viral properties. The tree stem, root and bark possess astringent, tonic and anti-periodic properties. The bark is beneficial in malarial fever and useful in cutaneous diseases.

It is used for external applications in skin diseases. It possesses antidandruff, antibacterial, anti viral and fungicidal properties.

Used in Pilex (VeinCare), PureHands, Purim (HemoCare), Anti-Dandruff Hair Oil, Blood Purifier Capsules & Syrup, Dental Cream, Revitalizing Hair Oil , Erina, Erina-EP, Erina Plus, Liv.52 Protec, Scavon, Neem.

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Bacopa monnieri is a small, creeping herb that contains the alkaloids brahmine and herpestine.

The entire plant constitutes the well-known drug Brahmi. The drug is astringent, bitter and cooling, and, reportedly improves the intellect. It is used in Ayurveda for the treatment of asthma, hoarseness, insanity, and epilepsy and is also a potent nerve tonic, cardiotonic, aperient and diuretic.

It is reported to improve the intellect, and, acts as an anti-anxiety agent. It also calms restlessness in children and is used in several mental disorders.

Used in Mentat (MindCare), Mentat syrup, Anxocare, Brahmi.

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Bauhinia variegata is a medium-sized, deciduous tree with variously colored flowers.

Its principal constituents are the seeds which yield a fatty oil, the bark yields fiber. The bark is astringent, tonic and anthelmintic. It is useful in scrofula and skin diseases. It is also used for ulcers and leprosy. A decoction of the bark is taken for dysentery. The dried buds are used for diarrhea, dysentery and hemorrhoids.

Used in Pilex (VeinCare).

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Berberis aristata is an erect shrub.

Berberine, berberine chloride and palmative chloride are its principal constituents. The roots possess antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The drug is used as a cholagogue, stomachic, laxative, diaphoretic, antipyretic and antiseptic. It is administered externally for painful eye afflictions and hemorrhoids. The root bark is useful in amenorrhoea.

It has an essential active ingredient, Berberine, which possesses anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. It is used in the treatment of leucorrhoea.

Used in Diabecon (GlucoCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Pilex (VeinCare), Muscle & Joint Rub, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Himmune.

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Blepharis edulis is a small, grey-pubescent or nearly glabrous perennial herb found in the Thar desert and in Africa.

The stem is rigid and leaves are four in each node. The flowers are blue, in strobilate inflorescence. The capsules are 2-seeded. Blepharin was identified from the seeds. The seeds are considered aphrodisiac, and are also resolvent and diuretic.

Used in Tentex Royal.

Boerhaavia diffusa is a weed found throughout India.

The roots contain the rotenoids, boeravinones A1, B1, C2, D, E and F besides the new dihydroisofurenoxanthin and boerhavine. The roots are credited with anti-convulsant, analgesic, diuretic, laxative and expectorant properties.

It has been found to stop intra-uterine-contraceptive-device (IUCD)-induced bleeding. This herb is also known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which are comparable to that of ibuprofen. It has also proved useful as a hematinic.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Bonnisan, Diabecon (GlucoCare) , Evecare (MenstriCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Lukol, V-Gel (FemCare Gel), Digyton, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Immunol, Liv.52 Protec, Nefrotec Vet, Punarnava, Chyavanaprasha.

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A lofty, deciduous tree with horizontally, spreading branches.

The bark, on analysis, possesses tannins and non-tannins. It also contains lupeol, ß-sitosterol and its D-glucoside. The bark is given as a demulcent, emetic and tonic. Externally, it is used as a styptic, and also for fomenting wounds. The gum is credited with astringent, tonic, and demulcent properties and is used for dysentery, hemoptysis in pulmonary tuberculosis, influenza and menorrhagia.

Used in Evecare (MenstriCare), Tentex forte (VigorCare for Men), Acne-n-Pimple Cream, Diarex Vet, Tentex forte Vet.

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It is a white to grayish, greenish or bluish colored granular mineral, crystallizing in monoclinic system. It is in usage since the historical time. Borax is a well known house-hold commodity. It is mildly antiseptic and cooling properties.

Used in Dental Cream.

Commonly called Frankincense, Boswellia serrata is a moderate to large branching tree, found in India and the Middle East. Strips of bark are peeled away, yielding a gummy oleo resin.

The gum is used as an anti-inflammatory agent when applied externally. Internally, besides being antiarthritic, it has expectorant effect and improves immunity. One of the principal constituents in the gum resin is boswellic acid which exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. The gum resin is used as an ointment for sores and has anti-inflammatory, antiatherosclerotic and antiarthritic activities. The nonphenolic fraction of the gum resin had marked sedative and analgesic action.

Used in Rumalaya forte, Rumalaya gel, Shallaki.

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A deciduous tree with a crooked trunk and bright orange-red flowers.

The bark exudes a red juice that dries to form the Butea gum. The gum contains leucocyanidin, tetramer, procyanidin, gallic acid and mucilaginous material.
The gum is a powerful astringent; it is given internally for diarrhea, dysentery, phthisis and hemorrhage of the stomach and bladder.

Used in Lukol, Hair loss Cream.

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It is a large woody liane with large trifoliate leaves, white or cream colored flowers and single seeded fruits found throughout India. Roots contains rotenone.

Used in Hair loss Cream.

It is an armed liane, with glossy branch-lets, recurved prickles, yellow flowers and bitter, ovoid to reniform polished seeds in swollen fruits found wild throughout the plains of India and up to an altitude of 1,000 m in Himalayas. These nuts have been used as an anti-periodic for a long time. Pharmacological trials have revealed diuretic and anti-pyretic activity of the nuts, and besides adaptogenic, antimicrobial and muscle contractile activity.

Used in Himplasia.

It is a large scandent prickly shrub, with long recurved prickles, small yellow flowers with red dot at base of red veins in terminal or axillary racemes, dark brown sub-globose seeds in short beaked fruits. They yield bergenin (vakerin). The roots have marked astringent and anti-pyretic properties. They also have antioxidant activity and are given internally in debility.

Used in Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Himmune.

An aromatic, erect, annual herb, cultivated in India.

The ligulate florets constitute the drug which is reported to possess stimulant, bitter, tonic, sudorific, febrifuge, carminative, anti-emetic and anthelmintic properties. The flowers contain calenduline, and oleanolic acid glycoside and sterol glycosides. They also contain a- and ß-amyrin, taraxasterol, y - taraxasterol, lupeol, brein, faradiol, arnidiol, erythrodiol, calenduladiol, coflodiol (ursadiol) and manilladiol.

Used in Pilex (VeinCare).

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A small, erect and compact shrub, covered with cottony tomentum.

The rootbark contains a- and ß-amyrin, ß-amyrin, taraxasterol and its y-isomer, taraxasteryl isovalerate, taraxasteryl acetate, gigantin, giganteol, isogiganteol, ß-sitosterol and a wax.

In small doses, the rootbark is diaphoretic and expectorant. It acts as a mild stimulant.

Used in Muscle & Joint Rub.

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The taxonomy of Camellia sp. especially the tea yielding taxa is in a state of flux. Tea has two forms/varieties, the China tea (C. sinensis var sinensis Syn. Thea sinensis Linn.) and Assam tea (C. sinensis var. assamica (Mast.) Kitamura Syn. Thea assamica Mast.). Numerous hybrids between China and Assam types are known. As tea is largely cross- pollinated, and most of the commercial crops are very heterogeneous. As tea has been cultivated and dispersed by man over a long period, it is difficult to determine both its existence in the wild state, as well as its center of origin.

The major constituents which give tea its distinctive character as a beverage are caffeine, polyphenols and essential oil. These, by themselves and in combination with other constituents, contribute to the variations in the quality of commercial tea. The most important constituent of both black and green tea is the purine base alkaloid, caffeine which accounts for the stimulating effect of tea liquor. Pantothenic acid and riboflavin contents are appreciable in leaves. Apart from these malic acid, oxalic theophylline, theobromine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, adenine, gums, dextrins and inositol. Kaempferol and quercetin are present both in fresh leaf and green tea.

Used in GreenTea.

A prostrate shrub or climber armed with divaricate, light yellow thorns.

The root bark contains stachydrine, rutic acid and a volatile substance. It is bitter, aperient, diuretic and expectorant. It is given in splenic, renal and hepatic complaints.

Used in Bonnisan, Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Liv.52 (LiverCare), Liv.52 drops, Digyton, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Liv.52 Vet (Companion), Liv.52 Vet (Commercial), Himmune.

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A suffrutescent or herbaceous, short-lived perennial.

The active principle in chili is a mixture of allied components, capsaicin being the most important, major component (46-77% of the total capsainoids). Chili is a powerful irritant and rubefacient; when applied to the skin, it produces warmth, redness, and burning without blistering.

In the form of ointment of plasters, it is used externally for the treatment of rheumatism, lumbago and neuralgia. Capsicum wool, prepared by dissolving the oleoresin in ether and pouring it on absorbent cotton-wool, is useful in rheumatoid affections. Chili, in small doses, is a powerful stimulant and carminative. It stimulates the secretion of saliva and gastric juice, and increases peristaltic movements and motility of the stomach. It is an excellent remedy in atonic and flatulent dyspepsia and dipsomania.

Used in Muscle & Joint Rub.

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Carica papaya (Papaya) is a small tree with straight and soft stem with leaf scars on it. The fruits are a good source of pection. It removes freckles and smoothes the skin.

Used in Refreshing Fruit Pack.

An annual or biennial glabrous herb.

Carvone and limonene are the chief constituents of the oil and its odor and flavor are mainly attributed to them. Other constituents present in the oil are: a- and ß-pinenes and p-cymene.

In medicine, they are used as a carminative, mild stomachic, aromatic and diuretic. Both the seeds and the essential oil (caraway oil) are classed as carminative in the I.P. and prescribed in flatulent colic and stomach derangement.

In patients suffering from lumbago and rheumatism, exposing the affected parts to the vapors from the seeds gives relief from the disease. The alcoholic extract of the fruits shows dose-dependent antispasmodic effect. Caraway water finds use as a vehicle for pediatric medicines.

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An erect, glabrous or minutely pubescent branched annual, with aromatic fruits.

The characteristic odor and taste of the fruit is due to the presence of an essential oil. The fruits are much valued for its antispasmodic, stimulant, tonic and carminative properties. It is administered in flatulence, atonic dyspepsia and diarrhea, and often recommended for cholera. The oil from the fruits is reported to possess hypotensive and cardiac depressive activity. The drug also shows some anti-diuretic effect.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Ophthacare, Dental Cream, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Himmune.

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A shrub or a tree with a pale yellow bark.

The root and the root bark are extensively used in the indigenous system of medicine as an anti diabetic due to their hypoglycemic activity. The roots are especially efficacious in milder chronic diabetic cases. The root contains leucopelargonidin, arabinose, dulcitol. ß-sitosterol and another sterol, and two resinous substances having hypoglycemic activity have also been reported.

Used in Diabecon (GlucoCare).

Used in LaxaTea

Cassia fistula is a deciduous tree with exfoliating bark.

The pulp contains sennosides A and B, Rhein and its glucoside, barbaloin, aloin, formic acid, butyric acid, their ethyl esters and oxalic acid. It is a safe purgative given even to pregnant women. The pulp is also given for biliousness and in disorders of the liver. It is applied in gout and rheumatism. It is utilized in blood-poisoning, anthrax and dysentery, also given in leprosy and diabetes and for the removal of abdominal obstructions.

It is used in the treatment of varicose veins. It helps in shrinking engorged veins and has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect.

Used in Pilex (VeinCare), Purim (HemoCare), Blood Purifier Capsules & Syrup.

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Cassia occidentalis is a diffuse undershrub.

The plant contains emodin, physcion, chrysophanol, sitosterol and a xanthone-cassiolin. The seeds and leaves are used externally in skin diseases. The roots are reported to be diuretic, the seeds, roots and leaves are antibacterial. It is used in the treatment of flatulence, indigestion and other digestive disturbances in children.

Used in Bonnisan, Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Herbolax (LaxaCare), Liv.52 (LiverCare), Liv.52 drops, Digyton, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Liv.52 Vet (Companion), Liv.52 Vet (Commercial), Himmune.

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The most common and widely occurring species of lac insect in India is Laccifer lacca (Kerr) which produces the bulk of commercial lac.

Lac is the resinous protective secretion of the tiny lac insect. The major constituent of sticklac is the resin (70-80%); other constituents present are: sugar, proteins, and soluble salts, coloring matter, wax, sand, woody matter, insect bodies and other extraneous matter; a volatile oil is present in traces. Lac resin is composed of mainly hydroxy fatty acids of C14- C18 carbon chains, such as aleuritic, butolic, C14- C16 mono- and di-hydroxy acids along with hydroxy terpenic acids having the rare cedrene skeleton as jalaric, laccijalaric, shellolic, and laksholic acids.

Used in Muscle & Joint Rub.

It is a large evergreen tree. The bark is thick, furrowed vertically and cracked transversely.

It has anti-inflammatory activity and is used for its activity against human pathogenic Epidermophyton, Trichophyton, Absidia ramosa and Microsporon gypsum. It has proven effective in a number of dermal diseases.

Used in Rumalaya gel, Muscle & Joint Rub, Pain Massage Oil, Scavon.

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A large, woody, climbing shrub with a yellow, corky bark.

The seeds possess emetic, diaphoretic, febrifuge and nervine properties and are used for sharpening the memory and also used to cure sores, ulcers, rheumatism and gout. The drug is used in the traditional system of medicine as a sedative. The reported constituents are Mal III A, Mal III B, triterpenoids zeylasterone, and seylasteral. Its therapeutic uses include treating anxiety and beriberi. Alcoholic extract has anti-inflammatory and sedative properties. An herbal extract of the crude drug was tested for its adaptogenic properties, on mice. It showed significant CNS depressant effect and a clear synergism with pentobarbital.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Himcolin, Himmune, Mentat (MindCare), Mentat syrup, Muscle & Joint Rub, Anxocare, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet.

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Centella asiatica is a prostrate, stoloniferous, perennial weed found in crop fields.

It includes the glycosides indocentelloside, brahmoside, brahminoside, asiaticoside, thankuniside and isothankuniside. In ayurveda, the plant is used for the treatment of leprosy and skin diseases and also to improve memory, as an antidote to cholera, and in bronchitis, asthma, gastric trouble, catarrh, leucorrhea, kidney troubles, urethritis and dropsy. The plant also has tranquilizing, anabolic, antiprotozoal and spasmolytic properties.

It helps to improve memory, increases concentration and intellectual ability in children.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Himmune, Menosan, Mentat (MindCare), Mentat syrup, Nourishing Skin Cream, Anxocare, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet.

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An erect or spreading much-branched annual herb, covered all over with glandular hair, extensively cultivated.

Whole gram contains saccharose, glucose, fructose, polysaccharides including starch, g-galactan, levulose and p -galactoaraban, betaine, choline, adenine, inositol, phytin, saponin and citric and oxalic acids. The fresh whole germ of sprouting gram contains biochanin A, biochanin B and biochanin C. The isoflavones, biochanin A and formononetin are reported to be estrogenic and also show hypolipidemic activity.

Gram is a potent hypocholesterolemic agent. The anti-stress, anti-hyperlipidemic and stamina building activity of gram may be due to the presence of pangamic acid and a free nucleotide. It is a stimulant, tonic, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic, and useful in bronchitis and biliousness. It is also useful in leprosy and other skin diseases. The powdered seed is used for dandruff and also used as a face pack.

Used in Gentle Baby Shampoo, Protein Conditioner , Protein Shampoo for normal hair, Protein Shampoo for dry/damaged hair, Protein Shampoo for oily/greasy hair, Revitalizing Hair Oil, Himfertin.

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Cichorium intybus is an erect perennial herb.

The root contains tannin phlobaphenes and reducing sugars. The seeds have carminative and cordial properties and are useful as a brain tonic and for headache, asthma and bilious vomiting.

It is an acclaimed hepatoprotective, and, is used in hepatic enlargement, fever, vomiting and abdominal pain. It has cholagogue and anti-inflammatory properties.

Used in Bonnisan, Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Herbolax (LaxaCare), Liv.52 (LiverCare), Liv.52 drops, Digyton, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Liv.52 Vet (Companion), Liv.52 Vet (Commercial), Himmune.

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A large, handsome, evergreen cultivated in India as an ornamental and as a source of camphor.

Camphor is obtained as colorless or white crystals, granules or crystalline masses, or colorless to white translucent, tough masses. Camphor acts as a carminative, reflex expectorant and reflex stimulant of the heart, circulation and respiration. Camphor has also been used as a nervine depressant in hysteria, epilepsy, chorea and convulsions and as an aphrodisiac. The oil extract has a peculiar fragrance and acts as an skin stimulant and counter irritant when applied externally.

Used in Ophthacare, Pilex (VeinCare), Cold Balm, Canisep, Rumalaya Vet, Scavon Vet.

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An evergreen aromatic tree with a grey, smooth, thick bark which yields an oil containing cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol.

Chinese Cassia has been used as a diaphoretic, antipyretic and analgesic. It is used as a carminative, purgative and astringent. It is also useful as a cardiac stimulant, refrigerant, and diuretic, for stimulation of liver functions, in neuralgia, uterine pains, ascites and edema.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Diakof (CoughCare Sfree), Himcolin, Koflet (CoughCare).

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A moderate sized tree, native to Sri Lanka and cultivated in South India for its aromatic bark.

The bark contains a significant amount of a mucilaginous substance, which consists mainly of a water extractable L-arabino-D-xylan and an alkali-extractable D-glucan. The bark also contains the diterpenes, cinnzeylanin and cinnzeylanol besides tannin.

The bark is used to a limited extent in medicine. It is aromatic, astringent, stimulant, expectorant and carminative. It possesses the property of checking nausea and vomiting. As a stimulant it is beneficial in cramps of the stomach, gastric irritation, and paralysis of the tongue. Ground cinnamon shows lipolytic activity. It is useful in diarrhea and dysentery. Externally, the bark is used in neuralgia, rheumatism and toothache.

It is a good anti-infective agent and is useful in relieving cough due to its soothing action.

Used in Koflet lozenge (CoughCare lozenge), Rumalaya gel, Rumalaya Vet, Chyavanaprasha.

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Cissampelos pareira is commonly known as the midwives herb due to its long history of use in South America for women's ailments. Found widely in India, Ceylon, and other countries, it contains berberine, and isoquinone alkaloids.

Used in Galactin Vet.

A spinescent tree up to 6 m in height.

The juice is a rich source of vitamin C. It protects the skin from oxidative damage and helps in preventing pruritus. Lemon peel is stomachic and carminative. Oil of lemon is stimulant and rubefacient when applied externally.

Lemon juice is one of the best remedies for scurvy and serves as a refrigerant in febrile and inflammatory affections, acute rheumatism, dysentery and diarrhea. The juice diluted with water is used as a collyrium. The juice also possesses bactericidal and astringent properties. Lemon peel is used in cosmetics, as a hair-rinse and mouth-freshener. It possesses insect repellant property.

Used in PureHands, Anti-Dandruff Shampoo, Anti-Wrinkle Cream, Gentle Refreshing Toner, Protein Shampoo for normal hair, Protein Shampoo for dry/damaged hair, Protein Shampoo for oily/greasy hair, Revitalizing Night Cream.

It is a small shrub or tree with thorny branches and lemon yellow colored oblong fruits. The fruit juice is refrigerant and astringent. The fruits have potent anti-scorbutic activity.

Used in Gentle Face Wash Gel.

It is a small spiny tree with slender branches widely grown in India. The fruit rind and segments are easily separable. The fruit oil is reported to have limonene. It is used traditionally as a sun cream.

Used in Fairness Cream, Soothing Body Lotion for dry skin.

A tall and stately palm, bearing a crown of large, pinnate leaves.

The oil extract is a good emollient, can be used externally for softening the lips and in various cosmetics. It is used in uterine diseases and a polysaccharide factor in the plant is immunomodulator.

Used in Evecare (MenstriCare), Lip Balm.

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It is a small and succulent herb, with pubescent leaves and fibrous roots, which are strongly aromatic. It has anti-bacterial, deodrant and cooling properties.

Used in PureHands.

It is a small tree or shrub with spinescent branches.

Its gum resin has astringent, antiseptic and antisuppurative properties and is used in the treatment of hemorrhoids. It is excreted by the mucous membranes of the body, in the course of which it stimulates and disinfects their secretions. It also contains guggulsterones Z and E, guggulsterols I - V, two diterperoids-a terpene hydrocarbon named cembrane A.

It is used against obesity. Guggulipid is hypocholesteremic and assists in burning excess body fat.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Diabecon (GlucoCare) , Diakof (CoughCare Sfree), Koflet (CoughCare), Lukol, Pilex (VeinCare), Reosto, Rumalaya forte, Septilin (ImmunoCare), Septilin syrup, AyurSlim, Shuddha Guggulu.

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An herb found in the plains of north India.

The plant contains the alkaloids convolvine, convolamine, phyllabine, convolidine, confoline, convoline, subhirsine, convosine, and convolvidine along with scopoline and ß-sitosterol. Besides, high-density lipoprotein was significantly raised in the animals.

The plant is reported to be a memory-improving drug. It is used as a psycho-stimulant and tranquilizer.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Anxocare.

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An annual herb, with small, white or pinkish purple flowers borne on compound terminal umbels.

The aromatic odor and taste of coriander fruits is due to an essential oil. The chief constituent of the oil is coriandrol. The fruits are considered anti-microbial, astringent, carminative, diuretic, tonic, stomachic, antibilious, refrigerant and aphrodisiac.

An infusion of the seeds is useful in flatulence, indigestion, vomiting and other intestinal disorders; it is also used in bleeding piles, rheumatism, neuralgia, caphalagia, and locally, in eye-infection. The dried seeds are reported to possess diuretic and aphrodisiac properties.

Used in PureHands.

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It is a medium sized deciduous tree found throughout India, especially along the river banks.

It has anti-inflammatory, diuretic, lithontriptic, demulcent and tonic properties. Bark yields ceryl alcohol, friedelin, lupeol, betulinic acid and diosgenin.

It is useful in disorders of urinary organs, urinary tract infections, pain and burning micturition, renal and vesical calculi.

Used in Himplasia, Purim (HemoCare), Renalka, Nefrotec Vet.

Crocus sativus is a small bulbous perennial herb. It is valued for its famed condiment, saffron, constituted by the stigma and style of the flower.

It contains the glycosides crocin and picocrocin together with lycopene, b-carotene, g-carotene and zeaxanthin. It is rich in riboflavine and also contains thiamine. Saffron is used as a nervine sedative and emmenogogue and in fevers, melancholia and enlargement of the liver. It also has stimulant and stomachic properties.

It has an essential oil, the active ingredient of which is aphrodisiac in nature. The mechanism of its sex-stimulating activity is effected by a slight stimulation of the central nervous system.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Tentex forte (VigorCare for Men), Tentex Royal, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Speman forte Vet, Tentex forte Vet, Himmune.

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A trailing or climbing annual, bearing elongated, thick, cylindrical fruits of varying sizes and forms.

The aerial parts of the plant contain a 14a-methyl D-phytosterol. Shikimate dehydrogenase is extracted from cucumber pulp. It helps to keep the facial skin soft, has healing and soothing effect on the damaged skin and exerts a natural sunscreen. It acts as a toner and lightens the facial skin. The seeds are reported to be cooling, tonic and diuretic. The seed kernel (forming 75% of the seeds) is edible and used in confectionery.

Used in Deep Cleansing Milk, Gentle Face Wash Cream, Refreshing Fruit Pack.

A small, slender annual herb, with a much-branched angular or striated stem, bearing 2 or 3 partite linear leaves, bluish green in color and having sheathing bases.

The chief constituent of the volatile oil is cumaldehyde. In indigenous medicine, cumin seeds have long been considered stimulant and carminative. They are stomachic, astringent and useful in diarrhea and dyspepsia; improves appetite and taste. They are now chiefly used in Veterinary medicine. The seeds showed antifertility and abortifacient activity in female rats. They have been credited with aphrodisiac properties.

Used in Lukol, Appetonic forte Vet, Appetonic Vet.

Curcuma longa is a perennial herb, with tufted leaves and a short and thick rhizome that constitutes the turmeric of commerce.

It's principal constituent is Curcumin, which is a diferuloyl methane. In Indian systems of medicine, turmeric is used to some extent as a stomachic, tonic and blood purifier. It is also prescribed as an antiperiodic alterative. Externally, it is applied to indolent ulcers. A decoction of the rhizome is said to relieve the pain of purulent ophthalmia.

Oil of turmeric, distilled from the dried rhizomes, has feeble antiseptic properties. It is an antacid, and, in small doses, acts as a carminative, stomachic, appetizer and tonic. In large doses, however, it appears to act as an antispasmodic inhibiting excessive peristaltic movements of the intestines. Turmeric also possesses anti-inflammatory properties.

Used in Diabecon (GlucoCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Ophthacare, Purim (HemoCare), V-Gel (FemCare Gel), Anti-Wrinkle Cream, Blood Purifier Capsules & Syrup, FootCare Cream, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Scavon, Himmune.

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It is a native of northeast India, found in deciduous forests and closely resembles Curcuma longa in appearance but has a large sized tuberous rootstock.

Its taste and odor resembles Zingiber officinale, but with a fainter aroma. Curzerenone and zederone are the main components of the essential oil. In indigenous medicine, it is prescribed as a stomachic. It has a local effect on the digestive organs and has been employed as a gastrointestinal stimulant in flatulent colic. It also prevents stress ulceration.

Used in Himcospaz (SpasmoCare), Gentle Face Wash Cream.

A hardy perennial grass with creeping culms.

A decoction of the plant is diuretic, and considered useful in dropsy and anasarca. The expressed juice is astringent, and is applied to bleeding cuts and wounds. The rhizomes and roots are used as adulterants and substitutes for couch grass (Agropyron repens Beauv.) rhizomes that are used in genitourinary disorders (B.P.C., 77; U.S.D., 1242).

Used in Styplon, Styplon Vet.

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A perennial weed with dark green glabrous culms, arising from a system of underground tubers.

The tubers contain an essential oil. The tubers are diaphoretic and astringent. They are also credited with antipyretic, analgesic, antiinflammatory, diuretic, anthelmintic, carminative, stomachic, emmenagogue and stimulant properties. Musta is rich source of minerals such as Cu, Mg, Mn and Ni.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Diarex (DiarCare), Evecare (MenstriCare), Renalka, Diarex PFS, Diarex Vet, Himpyrin, Himpyrin Vet, HimROP Vet, Chyavanaprasha, Himfertin.

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Cyperus scarious is a delicate, slender small herb with deep brown aromatic tubers.

The tubers are credited with astringent, diaphoretic, diuretic, desiccant, cordial and stomachic properties. A decoction of the tuber is used for washing hair, treating gonorrhea and syphilis. It is also given in diarrhea and for general weakness.

Used in Cystone (UriCare), Nefrotec, Himfertin.

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Dashamoola is a composition of the roots of Aegle marmelos, Gmelina arborea, Oroxylum indicum, Clerodendrum phlomidis, Stereospermum chelonoides, Desmodium gangeticum, Uraria picta, Solanum indicum, Solanum surattense and Tribulus terrestris.

It is an anti-inflammatory and effective in bronchitis, cough, headache, weakness, drowsiness and digestive problems.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Evecare (MenstriCare), Muscle & Joint Rub, Chyavanaprasha.

A sub-glabrous spreading herb sometimes becoming shrubby.

The fresh leaves contain ferredoxin, and the withanolide datumetelin along with the withanolide daturilin. The leaves also yielded withametelin B, secowithametelin, a hexacyclic withanolide, 12-deoxy withastramonolide, physalinliconol, datumetixone and p-methoxybenzoyl ester of tropine. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic and analgesic properties.

Used in Muscle & Joint Rub.

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An annual or biennial herb, with an erect, much-branched stem, arising from a thick, fleshy taproot.

Carrot is valued as food mainly because it is a rich source of the fat-soluble hydrocarbon, C40H56, the ß form of which is the precursor of vitamin A. Carrots contain a variety of carotenoids that are responsible for the typical colors of the root. The main pigments of orange carrot are a- and ß-carotene. The seed oil has a sweet anise like odor and the main components identified were ß-bisabolene, Cis and trans -asarene, asarone aldehyde and phenolic compounds such as eugenol 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone and vanillin.

Carrot seeds are aromatic, stimulant and carminative. They are reported to be useful in diseases of the kidney and in dropsy. The seeds are reported to exhibit anti-fertility activity. The ethanolic extracts of seeds showed diuretic activity. The essential oil from leaves and seeds showed antifungal activity, used as a sunscreen and fragrance component in soaps, creams and lotions. The aqueous extract of carrot showed hepatoprotective activity.

Used in Daily Health Capsules, Lip Balm, Regurin.

A small herb with a reduced stem, bearing 2-3 pairs of opposite, round, gland dotted leaves.

The essential oil from the leaves contains didymocarpene as its chief constituent. The leaves are used in indigenous medicine as a cure for stones in the kidney and bladder.

Used in Cystone (UriCare).

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It is astringent and styptic and useful in gastrointestinal disorders.

Used in Himcocid.

Eclipta alba is an erect or prostrate, much branched, strigosely hirsute, annual herb often rooting at the nodes, with opposite and sessile, leaves.

Its principal constituent is the herb which contains wedelolactone and demethyl wedelolactone. The herb is used as a tonic and deobstruent in hepatic and splenic enlargements and in skin diseases. The plant juice is administered in combination with aromatics for catarrhal jaundice. The fresh juice leaves is applied on the scalp for promoting hair growth. The plant possesses antihepatotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities. The fresh plant is considered anodyne and absorbent.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Pilex (VeinCare), Purim (HemoCare), Blood Purifier Capsules & Syrup, Protein Conditioner, Revitalizing Hair Oil, Galactin Vet, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Liv.52 Protec, Himmune.

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A tall, herbaceous perennial with branching subterranean rootstock, from which arise a number of upright leafy shoots.

In medicine, it is used as an adjuvant to carminative drugs. It is official in the British and U.S. pharmacopoeias and used as an aromatic stimulant, carminative and flavoring agent.

Cardamom owes its aroma and therapeutic properties to the volatile oil present in the seeds. The major components of the oil are 1,8-cineole and terpinyl acetate. Volatile components of cardamom exhibit antimicrobial activity. The oil has anti-aflatoxin substances.

In herbal medicine, cardamom is chewed slowly to sweeten the breath, as aphrodisiac, to soothe digestion, stimulate the appetite, used against flatulence, colic and disorders of the body, often combined with purgatives to offset griping.

It is also reported to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic and cardiotonic properties.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Bonnisan, Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Koflet lozenge (CoughCare lozenge), Lukol, Mentat (MindCare), Mentat syrup, Renalka, V-Gel (FemCare Gel), Anxocare, Digyton, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Chyavanaprasha, Himmune.

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Embelia ribes is a large scandent shrub with slender branches and gland-dotted leaves.

Its principal constituents are embelin, quercitol and fatty ingredients. An alkaloid, christembine, a resinoid, tannins and minute quantities of a volatile oil are present. The dried fruit is considered anthelmintic, astringent, carminative, alterative and stimulant. It has been used in India since ancient times, as an anthelmintic. It is effective in the treatment of ascariasis. The dried fruits are used in decoction for fevers and for diseases of the chest and skin. The fruit also shows antibacterial activity.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Diakof (CoughCare Sfree), Gasex (GastriCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Herbolax (LaxaCare), Koflet (CoughCare), Mentat (MindCare), Mentat syrup, Purim (HemoCare), Blood Purifier Capsules & Syrup, Dental Cream, Anxocare, Appetonic forte Vet, Appetonic Vet, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet.

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Emblica officinalis is a deciduous tree with exfoliating bark. Its fruit contains the highest amount of vitamin C in natural form and cytokine-like substances identified as zeatin, z.riboside, z.nucleotide.

Its fruit is acrid, cooling, refrigerant, diuretic, laxative and used in the preparation of hair dyes. A fixed oil extracted from the fruits is reported to have the property of promoting hair growth. The dried fruit is useful in hemorrhage, diarrhea and dysentery. It has anabolic, antibacterial, expectorant, cardiotonic, antipyretic, antioxidative, antiviral, anti-emetic and resistance building properties and used in the treatment of leucorrhea and arteriosclerosis.

It is antibacterial and its astringent properties prevent infection and help in the healing of ulcers. It is used as a laxative to relieve constipation in piles.

Used in Abana (HeartCare), Bonnisan, Mentat (MindCare), Mentat syrup, Ophthacare, Pilex (VeinCare), Septilin (ImmunoCare), Septilin syrup, Styplon, Daily Health Capsules, Gentle Face Wash Cream, Revitalizing Hair Oil, Anxocare, Digyton, Regurin, Styplon Vet, Amalaki, Chyavanaprasha.

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Eucalyptus globulus is a large tree attaining a height of 300 ft. or more, with opposite and sessile leaves on juvenile shoots under forest conditions.

The leaves and terminal branchlets of E. globulus grown in Nilgiris yield 0.9-1.2% of a pale yellow essential oil containing cineole as a major component.
Eucalyptus oil is used locally as an antiseptic, especially in the treatment of infections of the upper respiratory tract, and in certain skin diseases. It is found to have potent pain relieving and anti-inflammatory action. Mixed with an equal amount of olive oil, it is useful as a rubefacient for rheumatism, which help in reducing joint swelling. It is also used in ointments for burns. Internally it is used as a stimulating expectorant in chronic bronchitis and asthma. It is frequently given by inhalation.

Used in Cold Balm, Muscle & Joint Rub, Canisep, Erina-EP, Scavon, Scavon Vet.

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The plant is a hairy perennial herb with spreading wiry branches arising from a small woody rootstock.

The plant is bitter and is used as a tonic and febrifuge.

Used in Mentat (MindCare), Mentat syrup, Anxocare.

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